Shimla, Oct 8,
Himachal Pradesh State Wildlife Authority has successfully estimated the exact number of leopards and bears in the state through the use of GI tagging and DNA sampling. The data was unveiled during a seminar held at the State Forest Headquarters in Talland, Shimla, on Monday, coinciding with Wildlife Week celebrations.
Zoologist Dr. Bhim Dutt Joshi, speaking at the event, revealed that the comprehensive census of the state’s wildlife, initiated two years ago, has counted 529 bears and 510 leopards in the state. He noted that this is the first time such precise and accurate data has been collected on the population of these apex predators.
Himachal Pradesh, with nearly 68 percent of its geographical area covered by forests, bushes, and grass meadows, is home to a significant population of both leopards and bears. Dr. Joshi emphasized that the high number of leopards, in particular, poses a challenge for wildlife authorities, as managing such a large population requires careful planning and conservation efforts.
Apart from snow leopards, the state is home to common leopards and bears, both of which occupy specific habitats. The scientific study, which included extensive DNA analysis and GI tagging, has provided crucial insights into the population density of these animals. The study found that, on average, there is one bear for every 100 square kilometers and two leopards for the same area.
The state-wide project involved the collection of around 2,000 samples from leopards and bears, with the assistance of 1,940 trained staff members. The study revealed that bears are primarily concentrated in the districts of Shimla and Kinnaur, while leopards dominate areas in Solan, Sirmour, Mandi, and Bilaspur. Dr. Joshi also stressed the importance of extending this study to Chamba, where further surveys are planned.
One of the key findings of the seminar was the growing concern over human-wildlife conflicts, especially in areas like the Lahaul Valley. Dr. Joshi pointed out that farming activities near forested areas have increased the frequency of interactions between humans and wildlife. The state has recorded a total of 12,703 incidents of wildlife conflict, highlighting the urgent need for improved management strategies.
The findings of this landmark study will be instrumental in shaping future conservation efforts in Himachal Pradesh. By providing a clearer understanding of the population dynamics of leopards and bears, authorities hope to promote sustainable coexistence between humans and wildlife, while mitigating the increasing instances of conflict.
This successful census marks a significant step forward for wildlife conservation in Himachal Pradesh and sets a precedent for similar studies across the country.
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