Shimla, July 12
Himachal Pradesh experienced a significant decline in snow cover during the 2023-24 winter period from October to April.
A comprehensive satellite mapping and analysis revealed a 12.72% decrease in snow cover compared to the 2022-23 winter season. The analysis, which focused on four major river basins—Chenab, Beas, Ravi, and Satluj—showed varying trends across different months.
In the early winter months of October and November, all basins except Ravi exhibited a reduction in snow cover. The peak winter months of December and January also saw a decline in snow cover, particularly in January, with the Chenab basin experiencing the largest decrease. However, a positive trend emerged in February and March, where snow cover increased in all basins. This increase continued into April due to fresh snowfall in higher reaches.
The Chenab basin showed the most significant overall decline at 15.39%, followed by Satluj (12.45%), Ravi (9.89%), and Beas (7.65%). The warmer temperatures observed during the winter months likely contributed to reduced snow accumulation. An analysis of temperature data from 2018-23 indicated a slight increase in both mean maximum and minimum temperatures in 2023 compared to previous years.
The reduced snow cover is concerning as it impacts the water availability and discharge dependability of major rivers during the summer. The decrease in snow cover during critical months could affect the region’s hydrology and water resources, posing challenges for agriculture, drinking water supply, and hydroelectric power generation. This trend highlights the need for effective climate adaptation and water management strategies in Himachal Pradesh.
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